254 256 62 1022 510
16 14 12 32 30
ARP TCP IP UDP Ethernet
windowing error recovery multiplexing routing ordered data transfer
as a broadcast to the all-hosts multicast address to the all-routers multicast address as a unicast to the requesting device as a unicast to the local router
as a broadcast to the all-hosts multicast address to the all-routers multicast address as a unicast to the requsting device as a unicast to the local router
request hosts leave a group seek membership of a group advertise availability of a group solicit hosts to join a group check hosts are still listening to a group
multicast by the application host broadcast by the application host unicast by the application host multicast by the local multicast router unicast by the local multicast router
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